Driver Qualification File DQF

What is Driver Qualification File or DQ File in Trucking

A Driver Qualification File or DQ File is a set of specific documents that motor carriers must maintain for every truck driver they employ.
Designed by the FMCSA and mandated by FMCS regulations Part 391, it’s an effort to ensure that drivers are qualified and competent to safely operate commercial motor vehicles.
Download our FREE DQ File New Driver Checklist at the bottom of this page.

The Crucial Components of DQ File for Truck Drivers

While the specifics might vary depending on various factors such as the type of vehicle or transported goods, a standard DQ File should includes:

1. Copy of CDL (or Driver’s License if its a non-CDL job) Driver Ppplication
2. Safety Performance History Request
3. HOS Record for First Time or Intermittent Drivers
4. Medical Examiner’s Certificate
5. Medical Examiner Registry Verification
6. Road Test Certificate or Equivalent
7. Motor Vehicle Record.

In addition to the crucial components these might be necessary in some situations:

1. LCV Training Certificate – If the driver will be hauling doubles/triples, company should keep LCV in DQ file.
2. Hazardous Materials Training Certificate – if the driver will be hauling hazardous materials, company should keep HMTC in DQ file.
3. Drug/Alcohol Policy Receipt – Trucking companies that employ CDL drivers are required to implement drug and alcohol test policy. Hence they need to keep a copy of the receipt after each test has been conducted, in the DQ file. Companies are in obligation to provide a signed copy to the driver as well.
4. Pre-Employment Drug Screen
5. Drug/Alcohol Clearinghouse copies

Driver’s Application for Employment

Purpose: To obtain an overview of the truck driver qualifications, experience, and background.

Details: This document typically captures the driver’s personal details, employment history (often over the past ten years), driving experience, details about their commercial driver’s license (CDL), education, and references.

Significance: Helps employers to evaluate if the driver meets their hiring criteria and ensures the driver is qualified per FMCSA guidelines.

Inquiries to Previous Employers

Purpose: To verify the driver’s employment history and safety record.

Details: Motor carriers are required to investigate a driver’s employment history for the past three years. This includes checking on reasons for leaving previous trucking jobs, any record of accidents, and if there were any alcohol or drug violations.

Significance: Offers a lens into the driver’s professional past and their commitment to safety on the road.

Driving Record from the State

Purpose: To assess the driver’s driving behavior and history.

Details: This is a Motor Vehicle Record (MVR) obtained from the state(s) where the driver holds or has held a license in the past year. It details license suspensions, revocations, traffic violations, and more.

Significance: Ensures that the driver meets FMCSA’s safety guidelines and provides insights into any potential red flags.

Medical Examiner’s Certificate

Purpose: To ensure the driver is medically fit to operate a commercial vehicle.

Details: A physical exam must be conducted by a DOT-approved medical examiner. If deemed physically qualified, the driver receives a Medical Examiner’s Certificate, often valid for up to 24 months.

Significance: Safety is paramount in the trucking industry. This certificate ensures that the driver doesn’t have any medical conditions that might compromise road safety.

Driver’s Road Test Certificate or Equivalent

Purpose: To validate a driver’s skills in operating a commercial vehicle.

Details: The road test evaluates a driver’s ability to handle a commercial vehicle, including tasks like turning, braking, and parking. Upon passing, they receive a certificate. An equivalent would be a CDL from a state that required a road test for issuance.

Significance: Provides tangible proof of a driver’s capability to safely operate a commercial vehicle on public roads.

Annual Driver Record Review

Purpose: Ongoing assessment of a driver’s performance and safety.

Details: Every year, motor carriers must review the driving record to evaluate the driver’s continued qualification to drive. This review looks at violations, accidents, and more.

Significance: Ensures that drivers maintain safety standards and adhere to FMCSA regulations year after year.

Driver’s Statement of Violations

Purpose: To maintain an ongoing record of a driver’s traffic violations.

Details: Annually, drivers must provide a list of all violations from the previous 12 months or a statement that they had none. This doesn’t include parking tickets but focuses on moving violations.

Significance: Promotes accountability among drivers and helps carriers stay informed of any potential issues or patterns in a driver’s behavior on the road.

Importance of DQ File in Trucking

Safety Assurance
The DQ File confirms that every driver on the road is medically fit and has the skills and history to operate safely.

Regulatory Compliance
Having an up-to-date DQ File is crucial for adherence to FMCSA regulations, avoiding hefty fines and potential legal ramifications.

Operational Consistency
Regular reviews ensure drivers maintain their standards and are updated with any changes in regulations.

Best Practices for Maintaining DQ Files

Digital Transformation
Many companies are adopting electronic DQ files, which can streamline updates, reviews, and audits.

Regular Audits
Even without a legal requirement, it’s good practice to periodically audit DQ Files for completeness and accuracy.

Stay Updated
FMCSA regulations can change. Regularly consulting the FMCSA’s guidelines or using compliance services ensures you’re always aligned.
Here is the FMCSA Driver Qualification Checklist [PDF]

Free DQ File Checklist Document Download

Download our New Driver Checklist in PDF or docx for free. It will simplify your process.